Massachusetts environmentalists have long dreamed of a green
future in which the state shakes off its reliance on fossil fuels. Now they
have a date: 2050.
That’s just three decades away, but backers of the effort,
including dozens of Beacon Hill lawmakers, say it’s realistic, provided the
state starts carving out a path to that future now.
A bill filed by Sen. Jamie Eldridge, of Acton, and Reps.
Sean Garballey, of Arlington, and Marjorie Decker, of Cambridge — all Democrats
— would commit Massachusetts to obtaining 100 percent of its energy from
renewable sources like solar and wind.
Supporters say the bill would require the state to achieve
total renewable electricity generation by 2035 and phase out fossil fuels
across all sectors, including heating and transportation, by mid-century. The
bill has 55 legislative co-sponsors — all Democrats in the overwhelming
Democrat-controlled Legislature.
If passed, the bill would make Massachusetts the first state
to commit to total renewable energy economy-wide.
Hawaii has already committed to 100 percent renewables for
the electric sector by 2045, but not including transportation and heating.
States like California and New York have also set renewable
energy goals of 50 percent by 2030, according to the National Conference of
State Legislatures. Vermont has a goal of 75 percent by 2032. The standards
typically require utilities to sell a specified percentage or amount of
renewable electricity.
“Massachusetts has been a leader on alternative energy
policy for over a decade, and now with federal assaults on efforts to combat
climate change, it will be up to individual states to protect the environmental
and health interests of the public,” Eldridge said.
The bill would require the Department of Energy Resources to
set binding targets for renewable energy growth in all major sectors of the
economy, and issue regulations to ensure that Massachusetts stays on track
toward 100 percent renewable energy by 2050.
It’s also designed to build on the state’s 2008 Global
Warming Solutions Act, which requires Massachusetts to reduce its carbon
emissions by at least 80 percent below 1990 levels by 2050.
That law was the subject of a lawsuit last year after
environmental groups sued Massachusetts for failing to adopt strict limits on greenhouse
gas emissions.
Lawyers for the Conservation Law Foundation and four Boston
and Wellesley teenagers asked the courts to rule the state hasn’t lived up to
its own law — the most aggressive of its kind in the country when it passed,
according to advocates.
The groups said the 2008 law requires the Department of
Environmental Protection to set strict greenhouse gas emissions limits to help
the state meet its goal of first reducing those emissions by 25 percent by
2020. Lawyers for the state argued the law calls on the DEP to set only “a
desired level of declining” emission limits.
The Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court sided with the
environmental groups and ruled the state hadn’t met the law’s requirements.
Also last year, Republican Gov. Charlie Baker signed a bill
aimed at ramping up reliance on renewable and alternative sources of energy.
The law requires utilities to solicit long-term contracts
with offshore wind farm developers to bring at least 1,600 megawatts of wind
energy, enough to power about 240,000 homes, to Massachusetts in the next
decade.
It also encourages the delivery of larger supplies of
Canadian hydropower and other renewables, provides incentives for utilities to
develop energy storage technology and sets new requirements for the repair of
natural gas leaks.
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