Spain is seeking to lure investment of as much as 3.9
billion euros ($4.3 billion) through its biggest auction yet for contracts to
supply electricity from clean-energy sources, part of an effort to meet
European Union targets.
The government on Wednesday will seek bids to supply at
least 2 GW and as much as 3 GW of power in time to meet the its EU goals for
2020. This is expected to cost 2.4 billion euros to 3.9 billion euros,
according to estimates by Bloomberg New Energy Finance. Bidders can offer wind, solar or
other forms of electricity generation so long as it’s a form of supply that
doesn’t increase carbon emissions.
The contest marks a resumption for the renewable energy
business in Spain, which was at the forefront of spreading the technology
until generous subsidies it granted led to a run-away boom in installations and
forced the government to ratchet back the program. It will offer a new source
of income for likely bidders, including Gas Natural SDG SA, Iberdrola
SA and Endesa SA.
“This auction is about moving towards the EU renewable
energy target,” said Briony Bennett, policy analyst at Bloomberg New
Energy Finance. “Spain actually has significant oversupply in power generation
and still subsidizes coal power plants. More renewables in the mix should see
Spain meet target.”
Bids are due to be submitted to the energy ministry on
Wednesday, and the results are due to be announced as soon as Thursday.
Green Leader
Spain had one of the continent’s most active renewable
energy industries until the government enacted a wave of retroactive subsidy
cuts beginning in 2008 with the financial crisis. It slashed payments for green
electricity that were granted in the form of a feed-in tariff guaranteeing
above-market power prices for all projects that qualified.
Some solar and wind plants stopped getting paid entirely
even though they had long-term contracts that fixed the price. That move
brought installations to a halt, and the government has only recently allowed
new support measures to go forward.
Investment plummeted 56 percent from $23 billion in 2008 to
$10 billion the following year, according to Bloomberg New Energy Finance. Last
year it was about $800 million.
Under existing rules set out in 2013, developers bid for
power contracts. It’s a structure that forces companies to compete to supply at
the lowest price possible and leaves control over the total scale of
installations — and the subsidy paid out — in government hands.
Lingering Concerns
Developers remain concerned the government is saying little
about the outlook for future auctions.
The last one in January 2016 was for 500
MW of capacity, a sixth of the size of this week’s contest. This round resulted
in bids that were so low that they were essentially subsidy-free. Industry
groups criticized the way it was run, saying that it lacked transparency and
the projects were awarded to companies that may not actually build them.
Concerns also linger about the legal framework for
payments under Spain’s system following the collapse of the feed-in tariff
system. Under existing rules set in 2013, projects under construction could be
made ineligible for production by Dec. 31, 2019 for a number of reasons, such
as failure to be connected to the network — with rights for projects to access
the grid hinging on government permission.
This means winners of this week’s auction could suddenly
find themselves without power purchase contracts for their plants in just over
two years. While the government has said it will change these rules, it hasn’t
yet done so.
Another uncertainty for companies stems from the
government’s periodical revision of the price it’s paying for power. Spain
resets rates at intervals of three and six years, with the latter one being
more far reaching.
The combination of uncertainty over whether projects will
still be eligible for contracts in 2019 and the tariff revision framework means
many companies may be more careful in their calculations about what sort of
profit they can make from the projects.
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